Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Antibodies Blood Test, IgG and IgM

The Cytomegalovirus Antibodies Blood Test, IgG & IgM, detects and measures CMV antibodies to screen for a CMV infection.

Description

What is the purpose of this test?

Order this Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Antibodies Blood Test, IgG & IgM, which detects and measures CMV antibodies to screen for a CMV infection. CMV is a virus associated with the viruses that cause chickenpox and infectious mononucleosis (mono) and is found globally. Approximately 50% to 80% of Americans have had a CMV infection by age 40. Once CMV is in an individual's body, its antibodies remain dormant in the body unless reactivated. 

CMV is very contagious and is spread through close contact with body fluids. Most individuals with CMV don't experience symptoms or realize they've been infected. At the same time, infection with the virus can be severe in infants and individuals with compromised immune systems. A pregnant woman can pass it on to her baby if she gets infected. Usually, newborns do not have health problems, but some can develop lifelong disabilities.

Individuals may use this test to detect both IgM and IgG CMV antibodies.

• IgM antibodies are the first set of antibodies produced by the immune system in response to a CMV infection and can be detected in the blood within a week or two after exposure. IgM levels (titers) rise briefly, then decline and usually fall below detectable levels after a few months. IgM antibody levels rise again when latent CMV is reactivated.
• IgG antibodies are produced several weeks after the initial CMV infection. IgG levels rise during the active infection and eventually normalize as the CMV infection resolves, and the virus becomes dormant. Once exposed to CMV, an individual will have some detectable amount of CMV IgG antibodies in the blood for the rest of their life, which protects against another primary infection (immunity).

When should I order a Cytomegalovirus Antibodies Blood Test, IgG & IgM?

Individuals may order this test if they have experienced symptoms related to a CMV infection. Common signs or symptoms of a CMV infection may include the following:

• Fatigue, weakness
• Sore throat
• Swollen lymph nodes
• Fever
• Headache
• Muscle aches
• Jaundice
• Low platelet count
• An enlarged spleen and/or liver
• A small head
• Hearing and vision problems
• Pneumonia
• Seizures
• Signs of delayed mental development