Lysozyme Blood Test

What is the purpose of this test?

Order this Lysozyme Blood Test for monitoring the progression or regression of tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, or leukemia. Blood cells contain an enzyme called lysozyme that can break down bacteria. It is mostly found in granulocytes, monocytes, and histiocytes, but only in small amounts in lymphocytes, myeloblasts, eosinophils, and basophils. 

What conditions are related to abnormal lysozyme levels?

When there are higher levels of lysozyme in the bloodstream, it can be a sign of tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, or leukemia. Doctors can use lysozyme to diagnose leukemia, specifically myelogenous and monocytic leukemias. If there is an increase in granulocytes or monocytes, it can confirm the diagnosis. The levels of lysozyme in the plasma reflect the turnover rate of these cells. Lysozyme levels can increase in benign conditions such as infection and inflammation and malignant processes like certain types of leukemia. Patients with acute or chronic granulocytic or monocytic leukemias often have high levels of plasma lysozyme, but successful treatment can lead to a decrease. Furthermore, lysozyme levels can be elevated in nonmalignant disorders like infections, Crohn's disease, kidney transplant rejection, and other renal disorders.

When should I order a Lysozyme Blood Test?

Individuals may order this test if they have experienced tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, or leukemia symptoms. Common signs or symptoms of tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, or leukemia include:

• Persistent cough (sometimes blood-tinged)
• Weight loss
• Night sweats
• Fever or chills
• Fatigue
• Loss of appetite
• Swelling
• Easy bleeding or bruising
• Recurring infections
• Inflammation of the eyes and pain, burning, blurred vision, and light sensitivity
• Pain in the joints and bones
• Skin rashes, lumps, and color changes on the face, arms, or shins
• Swollen lymph nodes