ABO Group and RHO(D) Typing - The results of blood typing tests will tell you if you are group A, B, AB, or O and whether you are Rh negative or positive depending on what antigens are present on your red blood cells. The results will tell the health professional what blood or blood components will be safe for you to receive. The results will tell a pregnant woman whether she is Rh positive or Rh negative and whether she may be a candidate for receiving Rh immune globulin to prevent her from potentially developing antibodies against her fetus's blood cells. Blood typing will also tell the personnel at collection facilities what blood type you are donating and who can safely receive your blood.
Antibodies Screen Blood Test - This test is ordered to detect atypical IgG antibodies prior to transfusion or during pregnancy. The technique is designed specifically to detect IgG antibodies, though, on occasion, some IgM antibodies may also be detected. Antibodies detected by the antibody screen will be subsequently identified, and a titer performed if the antibody identified is considered to be clinically significant during pregnancy.
A Complete Blood Count (CBC) gives important information about the numbers and kinds of cells in the blood, especially red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. A CBC helps your health professional check any symptoms, such as fatigue, weakness, or bruising, that you may have. A CBC also helps your health professional diagnose conditions, such as infection, anemia, and several other disorders. Test includes: WBC, RBC, Hemoglobin, Hematocrit, MCV, MCH, MCHC, RDW, Platelets, Neutrophils, Lymphs, Monocytes, Eos, Basos, Neutrophils (Absolute), Lymphs (Absolute), Monocytes(Absolute), Eos (Absolute), Basos (Absolute), Immature Granulocytes, Immature Grans (Abs)
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen - Test blood donors (HBsAg positive individuals are rejected). Hepatitis B surface antigen is the earliest indicator of the presence of acute infection. Also indicative of chronic infection. The test is useful in the differential diagnosis of hepatitis.
Patients who are negative for HBsAg may still have acute type B viral hepatitis. There is sometimes a "core window" stage when HBsAg has become negative, and the patient has not yet developed the antibody (anti-HBs). On such occasions, both tests for anti-HBc are usually positive, and anti-HBc, IgM is the only specific marker for the diagnosis of acute infection with hepatitis B. In cases with strong clinical suspicion of viral hepatitis, serologic testing should not be limited to detecting HBsAg but should include a battery of tests to evaluate different stages of acute and convalescent hepatitis.
Rubella Antibodies IgG - Rubella virus, the cause of German measles, is usually a mild exanthem and often subclinical. However, when acquired in utero, rubella virus can cause congenital rubella syndrome and lead to fetal demise, deafness, malformation, and mental retardation. The federal government and many states support programs to immunize women against rubella before they have children for this reason. In the early 1990s, a resurgence of congenital rubella and more widespread testing for rubella serology was recommended.
RPR Quantitative - The quantitative RPR Test measures the level of antibodies present in the blood. It is typically used for monitoring the treatment of syphilis infections and/or determining if treatment was successful. Syphilis is treated with antibiotics in the early stages of infection, and newly acquired infections tend to be easily cured. Treatment may take longer in patients who have been infected for more than a year. Following treatment, syphilis antibodies should be lower. If antibodies remain the same, persistent infection may be present. Higher antibodies may indicate reinfection.
HIV 1 and 2 Preliminary Blood Test (4th generation) - The HIV 1 and 2 Preliminary Blood Test (4th generation) is the recommended standard rapid test for routine HIV Screening. It typically sees quick results in just 1-2 business days and is one of the most affordable HIV tests available. The HIV Antigen/Antibodies test, also known as a 4th Generation HIV Test, looks for antibodies to the HIV virus and the p24 antigen-specific to HIV. Antibodies to HIV typically begin to develop several weeks after exposure. In the majority of people, these antibodies will be detectable by 12 weeks from the point of exposure. In some people, antibodies may be detectable as early as 4 weeks from exposure. The p24 antigen is a viral protein that makes up most of the HIV viral core (capsid). P24 Antigen levels are typically highest a few weeks after exposure and drop to undetectable levels when antibodies begin to develop. The combination of screening for both antibodies and antigen allow this test to detect a significantly higher number of early infections than previous generations of HIV screening.
The A1c (Glycohemoglobin) test evaluates the average amount of glucose in the blood over the last two to three months. This is done by measuring the concentration of glycated (also often called glycosylated) hemoglobin A1c. Hemoglobin is an oxygen-transporting protein that is found inside red blood cells (RBCs). The predominant form is hemoglobin A. In 2010, the American Diabetes Association affirmed the decision of an international expert committee recommendation to use the A1c test to diagnose diabetes with a threshold >/= 6.5%. Point-of-care A1c assays are not sufficiently accurate at this time for diagnostic purposes.
Comprehensive Metabolic Pane (CMP-14) Includes:
Glucose (blood sugar level) - The most direct test to diagnose diabetes, may be used not only to identify diabetes but also to evaluate how one controls the disease.
Kidney Profile
Bun or Urea Nitrogen - A by-product of protein metabolism eliminated through the kidneys, BUN is an indicator of kidney function. Creatinine, Serum indicates kidney function.
Bun/Creatinine Ratio - Calculated by dividing the BUN by the Creatinine.
Glomerular Filtration (eGFR) - Provides an assessment of the kidney's filtering capacity.
Fluids & Electrolytes
Sodium - Important in the body's water balance and the electrical activity of nerves and muscles and one of the major salts in body fluid.
Potassium - Helps to control the muscles and nerves.
Chloride - Similar to sodium, chloride helps to maintain the body's electrolyte balance.
Carbon Dioxide - Total Used in detecting, evaluating, and monitoring electrolyte imbalances.
Calcium - A mineral essential for development and maintenance of healthy teeth and bones. It is important also for the normal function of nerves, muscles and blood clotting.
Liver panel
Protein, Total - A measure of the state of nutrition in the body together with albumin.
Albumin Serum - A major protein in the blood and a reflection of the general state of nutrition.
Globulin, Total - A major group of proteins in the blood that comprises the infection-fighting antibodies.
Albumin/Globulin Ratio - Calculated by dividing the albumin by the globulin.
Bilirubin, Total - A chemical that is involved with liver functions. High concentrations of bilirubin may result in jaundice.
Alkaline Phosphatase - A body protein that is important in diagnosing proper bone and liver functions.
Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST or SGOT) - An enzyme that is found in skeletal and heart muscle, liver, and other organs. Abnormalities may represent liver disease.
Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT or SGPT) - An enzyme that is found primarily in the liver. Abnormalities may represent liver disease.
