Apolipoprotein A1 Blood Test

An Apo A1 blood test measures the A1 protein that has a specific role in the metabolism of lipids and is the main protein component in HDL, the "good cholesterol".

Description

Apo A1 is a protein that has a specific role in the metabolism of lipids and is the main protein component in HDL, the "good cholesterol". HDL removes excess cholesterol from cells and takes it to the liver for recycling or disposal. Levels of apo A1 tend to rise and fall with HDL levels, and deficiencies in apo A1 correlate with an increased risk of developing CVD.

Clinical indicators for performing the Apolipoprotein A-1 Test include evaluating the risk for coronary artery disease (CAD), which is marked by:

• Chest pain or discomfort
• Shortness of breath
• Fatigue
• Jaw pain
• Family history of cardiovascular disease

There are some genetic disorders that lead to deficiencies in apo A1 (and therefore to low levels of HDL). People with these disorders tend to have abnormal lipid levels, including high levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL, the "bad" cholesterol). Frequently, they have accelerated rates of atherosclerosis. These genetic disorders are primary causes of low apo A1.

Changes in levels of apo A1 may also be associated with other factors. Some of the conditions that contribute to decreases, or increases, in apo A1 are listed below.

High Apo A-1 levels may indicate:

• Congenital hyper-A-lipoproteinemia
• Weight loss

Low Apo A-1 levels may indicate:

• Coronary artery disease
• Chronic kidney disease
• Diabetes
• Smoking
• A diet rich in carbohydrates and polyunsaturated fats