Thyroid Peroxidase Antibodies (TPO) Blood Test

A TPO Blood Test provides a differential diagnosis of hypothyroidism and thyroiditis.

Description

Thyroid peroxidase is an enzyme mostly found in the thyroid gland. Thyroid peroxidase plays an important role in the production of thyroid hormones.

A Thyroid Peroxidase Test is often ordered when a person has symptoms of a thyroid disease, especially if they have had irregular results from other thyroid tests, to help diagnose the cause.  Pregnant women with autoimmune disorders often have a TPO Abs test done to help determine if their infant will be at risk of thyroid dysfunction.

Thyroid peroxidase (antibodies to thyroid microsomes) are present in 70 to 90 percent of patients with chronic thyroiditis, and in a smaller percentages of patients with other thyroid diseases. Antibody production might be confined to lymphocytes within the thyroid, and serum might be negative. A small percentage of people with no evidence of disease may have these antibodies as well. Antibodies to thyroid microsomes are found more frequently in women, and chance of occurrences increase with age.  TPO antibodies are produced when a person has an autoimmune disorder such as Graves Disease or Hashimotos Thyroiditis which causes the body to attack the tissue in the thyroid gland.

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