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Creatine Kinase Isoenzymes (CK Isoenzymes) with Total CK Blood Test

A CK Isoenzymes measures the different forms of CPK in the blood. CPK is an enzyme found mainly in the heart, brain, and skeletal muscle.

Sample Report

Test Code: 002154

CPT Code: 82550,82552

Also Known As: CK Fractionation ; CK Isoenzymes ; CPK Isoenzymes ; Creatine Phosphokinase Isoenzymes

Methodology:

Total: kinetic; isoenzymes: agarose gel electrophoresis with densitometry

Specimen Type: Blood

Preparation:

No special preparation required.

Test Results:

1-2 days. May take longer based on weather, holiday or lab delays.

Sample Report

Test Code: 4451

CPT Code: 82550,82552

Also Known As: CK Fractionation ; CK Isoenzymes ; CPK Isoenzymes ; Creatine Phosphokinase Isoenzymes

Methodology:

Electrophoresis • Enzymatic

Specimen Type: Blood

Preparation:

No special preparation required.

Test Results:

3-5 days. May take longer based on weather, holiday or lab delays.

Description

This test is done if a CPK test shows that your total CPK level is elevated. CPK isoenzyme testing can help find the exact source of the damaged tissue.

CPK is made of three slightly different substances:

  • CPK-1 (also called CPK-BB) is found mostly in the brain and lungs
  • CPK-2 (also called CPK-MB) is found mostly in the heart
  • CPK-3 (also called CPK-MM) is found mostly in skeletal muscle

Higher-than-normal CPK-1 levels:

Because CPK-1 is found mostly in the brain and lungs, injury to either of these areas can increase CPK-1 levels. Increased CPK-1 levels may be due to:

  • Brain cancer
  • Brain injury (due to any type of injury including, stroke, or bleeding in the brain)
  • Electroconvulsive therapy
  • Pulmonary infarction
  • Seizure

Higher-than-normal CPK-2 levels:

CPK-2 levels rise 3 to 6 hours after a heart attack. If there is no further heart muscle damage, the level peaks at 12 to 24 hours and returns to normal 12 to 48 hours after tissue death.

Increased CPK-2 levels may also be due to:

  • Electrical injuries
  • Heart defibrillation (purposeful shocking of the heart by medical personnel)
  • Heart injury (for instance, from a car accident)
  • Inflammation of the heart muscle usually due to a virus (myocarditis)
  • Open heart surgery

Higher-than-normal CPK-3 levels are most often a sign of muscle injury or muscle stress. They may be due to:

  • Crush injuries
  • Muscle damage due to drugs or being immobile for a long time (rhabdomyolysis)
  • Muscular dystrophy
  • Myositis (skeletal muscle inflammation)
  • Receiving many intramuscular injections
  • Recent nerve and muscle function testing (electromyography)
  • Recent seizures
  • Recent surgery
  • Strenuous exercise

Intense physical exercise, such as running a marathon, within a day or two of the test can lead to higher CK-MB levels.

Skeletal muscle damage, especially blunt trauma to the muscles, and cocaine abuse can also increase your levels of CK-MB. CK-MB is found mostly in the heart.

Drinking too much alcohol can also raise your CK levels. In some cases, people with low thyroid hormone levels, kidney failure, or alcohol abuse may also have higher CK-MB levels.

Drugs that can increase CPK measurements include the following:

  • Alcohol
  • Amphotericin B
  • Certain anesthetics
  • Cocaine
  • Fibrate drugs
  • Statins
  • Steroids, such as dexamethasone

This list is not all-inclusive

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